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Description
Huelma is a important location located to the south of the region of Sierra Magina, right on the provincial border with Granada.The third north of the municipality is included in the Natural Park of Sierra Magina, where you reach heights that exceed 2,000 m to go down to the Jandulilla Rivereast of the municipal term. Solera is a population that was annexed to Huelma in 1975.It is an important municipality in the region from an economic point of view. The main industry is the Manufacture of furniture of wood, with national and international markets, and which has been able to be renewed despite times of crisis.The ceramic and textile industry. It has important assets for cultural, nature and sport tourism.
The United Nations agriculture is the most employed, followed by the Services sector,the olive tree is the largest crop, followed by cereal, while fruit and vegetable crops are almost testimonial. Within the industrial fabric there is a oil packaging which belongs to the Designation of Origin of Sierra de Magina.
The livestock It also takes on special relevance, it is raised livestock, sheep, and sows. The exploitation of the montesine sheep, originating in the mountain areas of the province of Granada and the south of the province of Jaén, is noteworthy.Huelma is a compulsory stop in the tourist product "Travel to the time of the Iberians," as it offers a Iberian field dated in the 4th century BC in the place the "Cortijo Pajarillo. "
With regard to his historical-artistic heritage, his castle which stands on a promontory of strong earrings. It is of interest to the parish Church of the Immaculate of the 16th century.
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Culture
The beautiful urban town of Huelma, made up of a set of white streets and houses, located under the remains of its castle, make up a harmonious and attractive set that has valued their cataloguing as Historical-Artistic Set in 1971.
From its rich heritage we highlight:
- Huelma or Alburquerque Castle. It is located on the outskirts of the city centre of Huelma, on a hill that dominates the entire population. The strength we contemplate today was probably built by the Lord of the villa, the Duke of Albuquerque, in the first half of the 16th century. On that same place there was a Muslim castle from which only some of the canvases of the wall and the Great peel inside the castle. A quadrangular plant with 4 cylindrical towers, one in each corner, united with each other by a wall cloth and an open door in a half-point arch at ground level. On the west side it stands directly on a large peñasco, cut to peak, which is already a great fortress.
- Church of the Immaculate Conception. It is considered as a jewel of Renaissance architecture in the province of Jaén. The most great artists of the time: Diego de Siloé, Francisco del Castillo el Viejo, Andrés de Vandelvira and Francisco del Castillo el Joven. The building presents basic plant divided into 3 ships. The header of the flat tester church is covered with canyon vault with cassettes. The southern façade is of great elegance and balance, based on Italian models. He's got the body of peeled bells.
- Ibero Sanctuary of Pajarillo. It's a oppidum ibero found in the pastry of Cabritas de Huelma, dates from 4th century BC, and the sculptures found are found in the Provincial Museum of Jaén. The figures found are: a wolf, a warrior, two taps, a young boy and a carnivore. This sanctuary is located in the Jandulilla River Valley, the commercial pass between Murcia and the Guadalquivir Valley.
- Castle of Solera. Here, on a hill, are the remains of a Nazari castle built in the 13th century. From it you can see splendid views of the Vega in which the Jandulilla and Garganton rivers converge.
- Hermitage of Our Lady of the Fuensana. Located about 7 km. of the population, in the heart of Sierra Magina, the sanctuary of Fuensanta is the epicenter of the devotion of the strikers to be the house of their excellent patron.
Nature
A very important part of the municipality of Huelma is crossed from south to north by the river Jandulilla, dividing it into two similar extension areas. On the left bank of the river is the Mágina saw massif and the town de Huelma. On the right margin, the Cabra saw and the historical core of Solera.Approximately 10% of the area of the municipal term is included in the Sierra Magina Natural Park. There are several signposted itineraries such as the healthy route of the Cordel del Salado, the road of the Borregueras or the path of ascending to the Magina peak that will offer us amazing panoramic views of the region.
The routes by the karst of Sierra Magina will allow us to observe meadows, bushes, sabinars and the vegetation of the summits (blue lead, fine piorno, mountain ruse, thyme and alfacarensis herring), as well as karst formations, snow wells, perdicular eagles, grey colalba, and capillants.
The low areas are covered with olive and almond plantations, mainly, although there are also frequent coals, complaints and pineapples of carrasco and salgareño pine.
Parties and Events
- Holy Weekwhich has a unique character within the region, it has the collaboration of numerous cofradies and its processional parades are attended by many neighbors either by devotion or by tradition.
- May parties and September romance. These are the parties in honor of the Virgin of Fuensanta, patron of Huelma. The first Sunday of May is produced the transfer of the Virgin of the Fuensana and of Saint Lucia from the sanctuary to the parish church, each year participating a greater number of carrozas and rosemary.The first Sunday of September the Romeria in the Sanctuary of the Virgin of Fuensanta.Since the 16th century, the fellowship of Our Lady of Fuensanta and Saint Lucia has organized this pilgrimage that is held every year on the first Sunday of September. The events begin with the reception of the subsidiary cofradies of Cambil, Solera and Torres and the road to the sanctuary. After the Eucharist, the size of the Virgin is processed, which is accompanied on her throne by the image of Saint Lucia. In a typical rosemary environment, a campera day is spent in which you have to drink the water from the well of the sanctuary, to which many miracles have been attributed.
- Carnival. He's very popular. Since 1989, there has been a competition for groups of Chirigotas and Comparsas, as well as dances. To close the festivities, the "Carnival Filler" is celebrated.
- August Fair. Also called by Saint Augustine. During the parties the Expooluma Show Fair and the "La Serranilla de Magina" competition is held.
- Popular holidays in the municipalities, each of the villages belonging to Huelma also celebrate the day of their feast: in May are the Feasts of San Isidro in Solera; in June are the Feasts in Cabritas de Huelma; in July the Feasts in La Calesera and La Unión Plaza Nueva; and in August are the Feasts of the Emigrant in Solera, the Villa and Campo del Moral.
Gastronomy
Huelma's gastronomy is succulent and varied. They highlight strong dishes like the "scallops", bean peas with cod, chotto al ajillo, andrajos with cod, andrajos with hare. It is typical of the "cucumbers" on Holy Week.
In the field of pastry there is a large variety of sweets: "roscos," "flowers," "drunks," "buds," "polvorons," "stained," "moles eggs," "papajotes," "membillo meat," "gachas" and the typical "Hornazo" for Resurrection Sunday.
History
One of the most important milestones in the history of Huelma is the presence in these lands of a Heroic shrine of the Iberian era, specifically on the so-called hill "The Pajarillo"which can be given in the 4th century BC This sanctuary would be the entrance door to a territory controlled by an Iberian aristocrat on the Jandulilla River, and whose headquarters would be located in Ubeda. In Roman timesin the third century AD repopulate these lands the high valley of Jandulilla with small farms.
During the Muslim era we are living moments of great splendor in Huelma. From the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula by this civilization, it is when the present core arises around the hill where the castle is located. This Muslim fortification will become a key piece in the Middle Ages border struggles between the kingdoms of Castile and Granada.
The Nazaris They will possess it. to the late date of 1438, year in which it is conquered by Mr Íñigo López de Mendoza, I Marqués de Santillana. King John II will be granted it in a lordship, and years later, in 1474, Henry IV elevates the Lordship to the category of Vizcounty and then County in the person of D. Beltrán de la Cueva, I Duke of Albuquerque. Hence the castle was built at this time on the remains of the ancient Muslim fortress, also known as the "Castle of the Dukes of Albuquerque."
After the end of the Granada war, 1492, Huelma entered a period of political and economic stability during the first half of the 16th century, thanks to the repopulation and the cultivation of new lands. These years of economic bonus will be reflected in the undertaking major religious and civil worksas is the parish church.
It will be in the late 16th and early 17th century when there is a decline in the population due to crises and epidemics. The War of Independence will be the entry of French troops into Huelma who will destroy the fortress.
In this municipality
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