A large petreous blocks, which are in the middle of the channel, strongly call our attention and, at the top of one of them, a lookout gives us a magnificent view of this unique place, whose waters reflect the intense green of vegetation. At the foot of this little oasis, on our right, the rocky wall has a large cave to which the ceiling of the heirs climb.

According to tradition, the name of this place is due to the fact that a donkey, loaded with pear of oil, rushed down the narrow road, falling into this pond and impregnating the entire surface of liquid gold.

It is common to observe, on the edges of the imposing rocky walls, the silhouette of the montés goat and the slow and silent flight of the leonate vulture. In the same way of the river you can see the fishing martin biting like a small winged missile.

We suggest...

• Visit about 200 m, on the left bank of the river, the opening of the drain tunnel of the Tranco reservoir, by which the water comes out turbulently.

• The possibility to make several short routes, following the path that begins right next to the kiosk, and that runs parallel to the river line between the lush riverside vegetation, made up of alphas, mumberas, strawberries and doves.

• Near this place, 300 m. below the Bridge of Los Agustines, one of the most unique and picturesque fishing grounds without death of common trout is started.

One of the main access to this area is from the N-322 road. At the height of Villanueva del Archbishop, we will take the road A-6202, which with its sinuous and quite characteristic layout, direction to the reservoir of the Tranco, to the crossing signposted to the Charco del Oil, in the km 18. We follow until the sale of the Agustines where the road is fork. Continuing from the front, during a small stretch that goes parallel to the route of Guadalquivir and you reach our destination. From the Sierra de Segura and the Valle alta del Guadalquivir you must reach the dam of the Tranco reservoir, to take the A-6202 direction to Villanueva del Archbishop and, later on, the detour to the Charco del Oil.

Mount Burguillos is one of the most significant elevations of the border area between Sierra Morena and the countryside.

The recreational area of Burguillos is equipped with tables, banks and barbecues, as well as sources, an artificial lagoon, parking area, a bar-restaurant and a Nature Hall.

The area is frequented by people who want to share a field meal with their friends or family, take a walk in the middle of nature or simply contemplate the rich biodiversity that Burguillos has.

The area of the Dehesa de Burguillos, also known as the Villa, is home to a Mediterranean forest of oak trees, alcornoques and complaints, a bucolic livestock area and a beautiful closed area through which the Rumblar River passes after leaving the dam. In addition, the land is splattered with spectacular rounded blocks of granite called "bowling" and of cavalry stones, as well as carrocal features of this area of Sierra Morena.

From the recreational area there are numerous hiking routes, all signposted and of medium-low difficulty, being able to intertwine with each other, highlighting one that goes into the mountain under adhesado to the Rumblar River and another that runs through the so-called Cerro de las Trinches, where trenches used in the Civil War are located.

The religious, administrative and social centre is the Plaza de Andalucía, of generous proportions and houses with arqueras and balconades, to which it is accessed through a replacement arch of another of Gothic origin. This arch, which was the gateway to the medieval fortress of the old walled enclosure, was rebuilt in 1952 over the ancient medieval arch.

The work for its location, carried out by the University Institute of Research in Iberian Archaeology of the University of Jaén with the support of the City of Mengíbar, began in 2018. In relation to its characteristics, it is proposed that the foundation found allows to interpret a large arc of 14.80 meters long, almost 5 meters wide and a single central vanity of 5.15 meters, where the Via Augusta was running.

The relevance of this finding served to be declared, with great haste (2019), as Good of Cultural Interest.

The first of the corals, located between meters 66 and 69 of the stratigraphic series, can be found at its base some levels with small requirements. On this level there are limestones with abundant orbitolins and milliolids; on the roof of some banks we can find drying cracks and rhizocretions. The second level of corals is between meters 109 and 116. On both levels they are massive corals, usually located in a position of life. On the second level of corals there are sand and sand that have above the first levels of rudists. The best florings of these organisms are from the 142 meter to the roof of the stratigraphic section.

Source: Inventory of Georresources of Andalusia. Environmental Council. Junta de Andalusia.

The first fact of the existence of the Hospital of San Miguel is given by Jimena Jurado "Historia o Anales del Municipio Albense Urgavonense" 1643, arguing that already in 1488 a total of six hospitals are quoted in Arjona (Santa María, San Miguel, San Juan, Santiago, San Bartolomé, Santa Olaya).

Another data showing the antiquity of these Hospitals was found in 1542, when the Supreme Pontiff issued his Bula to make an inventory of the number of hospitals in Spain, calling for the elimination of those who by their poverty did not meet basic needs. In response to the Bula, the lobby next to the officers of the village's cofradies meet and decide to reduce all hospitals to one, leaving only the Hospital of San Miguel, which was better located and more capable.

As far as the location is concerned, there is no doubt that it occupied the left side of what is now Hospital Street and the old La Plaza Street (now Cervantes). The most obvious evidence of its location is found in a drawing from 1628, published by Don Juan González in "Historia de la Ciudad de Arjona" 1905.

At the end of the 17th century the family of the perpetual regior of the villa Corrales Javalera serves it as endowments, highlighting the breadth of its rooms, highlighting an oratory above all. From this date on, the historical reviews that refer to the above-mentioned hospital are remarkable, highlighting that of Don Pascual Madoz, who, in his "Geographical, Statistical and Historical Dictionary of Spain" 1845 writes "Arjona...... has a Hospital entitled San Miguel, with public prayer, founded in 1665 by Don Bernabé Corrales Javalera...... The hospital is in charge of an administrator and has a surgeon and nurse to assist the suffering humanity of both sexes that is admitted to it."

The progress of the centuries, the new laws inherited from the French tradition, public hygiene and urban police, close the location of the hospital. These ordinances put in place the mechanisms for the new location of the Hospital, June 1863 in a Act of the Council "the governor is asked to allow the House of the King and to temporarily enable the hospital..." This house located in the square of Santa María belongs to Don José Pérez de Herrasti, which gives way for a modest price, thus increasing the works to transfer the Hospital to that place, leaving the works completed in 1868, as demonstrated by the letter that the Architect d. José María Cuenca (architect of the province), emits the mayor of the town.

Since then and after having undergone several remodelations such as that in 1924, in which part of it was sank, it has served as a reference in the cure of the sick, specializing in primary care, until in the 1990s when a new hospital complex in Arjona is built. The site that occupied this hospital, suffered a series of remodeling at the end of the 20th century, passing through the center of Youth Information, until today becoming the Museum of Arts and Costumbres Juan Eslava Galán and the Archaeological Museum City of Arjona, next to the old people's residence "Fundación Corrales Javalera," which follows the legacy used by the Bernabé Corrales Javalera in the second Mitad of the 17th century.