These images correspond to a very old tradition of welcoming, at the entrance to the town (first in Carchelejo and then in Cárchel), the Brotherhood of Colomera, which is in turn making its way to the Sanctuary of the Virgen de la Cabeza. In the reception itself, a mounted flag-bearer is responsible for opening the ceremony, with the flags subsequently joined together.

Later, the local brotherhood and that of Colomera head together towards the church, where a Salve is sung, an act lasting a few minutes, after which they pass through some of the town's streets on their way to the football pitch.

There, the flags are waved to the delight of the townspeople.

Afterwards, they head towards Cárchel, where the same process is repeated, though in a shorter form.

On the weekend closest to 15 May, the feast of San Isidro Labrador, the image is carried in procession to El Acebuchar, where the Eucharist is celebrated at an improvised altar. The following day, the image is returned to Carboneros.

The celebration of Easter Sunday through what is popularly known as the "pintahuevos" (painted eggs) festival is, along with a few pairs of light-coloured eyes, fair hair, and surnames with a Germanic ring, the only trace that still recalls today the Central European origin of the settlers who populated this spot in the Sierra Morena known as Carboneros back in the 18th century.

The pintahuevos tradition involves decorating eggs in bright colours, which are later eaten as part of pipirranas and salads on Easter Sunday. In Carboneros, this tradition — common in other towns of the Sierra Morena — has the particularity that grandmothers used to make, and still do today, decorative little baskets from the palm fronds carried in procession on Palm Sunday. These were given to each of their grandchildren to carry the painted eggs around, one of each colour, until it was time for them to be eaten at Easter Sunday lunch.

In the first days of August, the popular Fiestas de la Fundación are held; alongside the popular night-time dances with live bands, fun competitions are organised during the day, which for several years included donkey-cart races.

Every summer, Canena's Renaissance castle is transformed into the main stage of the “Villa de Canena” Music Festival, held over the weekends of July and August. The event has given this Jaén town top-level visibility and tourism promotion opportunities, as it takes place in one of the most important fortresses in Andalusia, built by the Arabs on a Roman settlement, and remodelled in the 16th century by the renowned architect Andrés de Vandelvira to turn it into a palace.

The San Marcos festivities of Canena belong to the spring festival cycle and are deeply rooted in this town. During the celebration, the image of San Marcos is carried in procession around the outskirts of Canena to obtain a blessing for the fields. Along the processional route, as the image passes the "Sala de la Caridad", a child presents it with a specially kneaded and baked bread ring made for the occasion. Once the patron saint's image has returned to the church, the rings are handed out to those present at the Sala de la Caridad.

To prepare the Sala de la Caridad, a room in the house of that year's "prioste" (steward) is decorated as follows: the walls are lined with red fabric, altars are set up in the corners where the rings are later arranged, console tables and mirrors are placed around the room, and the rest of the space is decorated with cornucopias, old mother-of-pearl rosaries, Manila shawls, gold-trimmed lace and more. All these items are provided beforehand by local women to decorate the room.

At the festivities of the Virgin, alongside the religious spirit, a festive mood prevails, welcoming and honouring the emigrants who return to their hometown on holiday during these summer dates. The religious festival, with the procession of the image of the Virgin — a beautiful carving by the sculptor Navas Parejo — together with the popular open-air dances, shape the summer festivities in Canena.

In August, the Sierra Mágina Natural Park becomes an unrivalled, distinctive green backdrop for the Moors and Christians festivities. These events have their origins in the 13th century, when the region was a frontier land between the Kingdom of Castile and the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada.

Three towns hold this celebration: Campillo de Arenas, Cárcheles and Bélmez de la Moraleda. In all three, the festivities unfold in a very similar way: they begin with the procession of the image of the patron saint, which leaves the parish church guarded by “the Christians”, only to be ambushed along the way by “the Moors”, who seize the image. A day later, the Christian troops manage to recover the precious platform, bringing to a close, for another year, festivities that have been held for centuries.

In August, the Sierra Mágina Natural Park becomes an unrivalled, distinctive green backdrop for the Moors and Christians festivities. These events have their origins in the 13th century, when the region was a frontier land between the Kingdom of Castile and the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada.

Three towns hold this celebration: Campillo de Arenas, Cárcheles and Bélmez de la Moraleda. In all three, the festivities unfold in a very similar way: they begin with the procession of the image of the patron saint, which leaves the parish church guarded by “the Christians”, only to be ambushed along the way by “the Moors”, who seize the image. A day later, the Christian troops manage to recover the precious platform, bringing to a close, for another year, festivities that have been held for centuries.

On this day, a pilgrimage sets off for the hermitage of Puerta de Arenas, dedicated to Santa Lucía. Devotion to the saint who protects eyesight goes back to time immemorial, as confirmed by a document dated 1837, describing an image of the saint placed on a rock in the gorge, which was destroyed by musket fire from a group of bandits, who were subsequently blinded as a result.