The name Bruñel comes from the Latin word Balneum (bathroom), with the evolution of the mozarina degenerated in the word Bruñel (spa).

Despite the obvious Roman present, there is a record of an Iberian necropolis dating from the 4th century BC and the presence of material and constructive remains.

The villa of Bruñel would be framed in the Roman road that connected Catulo with the current Guadix and, according to the Roman constituency, was attached to the Roman province of the Carthaginense, with capital in Cartago Nova, present Cartagena. The Roman occupation of the village of Bruñel is referred to three phases throughout the II and IV centuries d. C. and according to its evolution, it can be distinguished the socio-economic changes that the Spanish population suffered.

A first phase corresponding to the 2nd century d. C. and is formed by an irregular cruciform building to which contrasts are associated, a tank and an arc of circular structure. The material used is the rich opus camenticium or Roman cement; in addition to stucco with large bermellon mirrors, dark blue or green, separated by dark bands and columns.

The second phase of the villa corresponds to the 3rd century d. C., being a well preserved villa with pretensions. It highlights the presence of an imposing Atrium with impluvium and a peristil around which most rooms and rooms are articulated. It highlights the decoration with the presence of mosaics with generally geometrical compositions, with swastika bands or braids of different ends or combinations of the previous ones with medallions with human figures; as well as the presence of stucco decorated in most rooms. It highlights the mosaic with the figure of Tetis that is currently located in the Museum of Jaén.

The third phase of the villa adheres to the 4th century d. C., a century of socio-economic changes that are reflected in the villa, demolishing part of the previous phase and replacing it with another building without pretensions, more focused on agricultural activity. These are two buildings, one of them rectangular with apses marked on its minor sides and another building with a large courtyard around which different rooms and rooms are connected with the peristil through two corridors. This latter building would be a courthouse, being the different rooms without paving warehouses or blocks. While the rectangular building, remains of the village of the 3rd century d. C., would be preserved as an urban villa, that is, the area reserved as the home of the owners.

The end of the villa occurred as a result of a great fire, evidenced by the carbonized remains found, although it is discussed whether it happened in the V century d. C. or VIII d. C.

The inhabited cores around the valley were able to take advantage of the river's passage by creating small channels and waterfalls. You will see great walnuts and some orchards by the villages, irrigated with a pure crystalline water. At this point, the river still has the presence of the common trout, a species that only lives in especially clean waters.

After Las Anchuricas the valley goes to Las Juntas de Miller, where the Segura receives its second tributary, the Zumeta River. Together they cross the provincial limit that is located there, entering the province of Albacete. In this place a hydroelectric power plant was erected in the 1950s to take advantage of the flow of these two rivers.

The valley offers pleasant visits around it that will allow you to get to know the Sierra de Segura in depth. Among others, we recommend:

• Visit the village of La Toba, a place where water is the great protagonist. If the cold water does not impress you, you can go up to the birth of La Toba, which is found in a curious cave well known in the region.

• Rest next to the reservoir of Las Anchuricas. The water and the high mountains have created this peaceful place, of which you will surely have to leave.

• Walk around some of the nearby villages such as La Fuente del Esparto, La Peguera del Madroño or Las Gorgollitas. The latter offers an exciting view of the valley.

• Seating water in the impressive fountain of The Four Caños, between the Anchuricas reservoir and Miller's Boards.

The road goes parallel to the river and, on its sides, there are impressive calares with magnificent views of the saw. As you pass the village of La Toba, the river remains in the charming reservoir of Las Anchuricas, one of the most beautiful of the Sierras de Cazorla Natural Park, Segura and Las Villas, The valley offers pleasant visits around you that will allow us to know more about the Sierra de Segura, such as the village of La Toba, a place where water is the great protagonist, or the nearby populations of La Fuente del Esparto, La Peguera del Madroño or Las Gorgollitas.

On the JF-7038 road, from The Utrera Strike to Miller's Boards.

Traditional constructions have only been modified, although the most rewarding is the view that you can enjoy from the village that really constitutes a natural balcony open to an overwhelming landscape in which stands out on the whole Calar del Cobo with the Puntal of the Mass.

If you like them, you can't stop visiting the Umbria, as it's a very good area for the collection of these mushrooms. In addition, a delicious unmarked road leads to the nearby village of Cabeza Gorda, located on the opposite side of a mountain, which is naturally called Morro de Cabeza Gorda.

The upper part of the Borosa River, has a scalated profile for the development of pozas and waterfalls in which travertine terraces are formed with spectacular botroidal calcite morphologies that were precipitated during the most humid and warm periods of the Quaternary.

Although travertine appear throughout the river, the highest concentration is located in the sector between the organ jump and the electric power plant. Its formation is due to the precipitation of calcite caused by the tear-up of the river waters produced by the turbulent regime of the water leaps in the areas with the greatest slope. This precipitation occurs in areas of dense vegetation receding elements of plants and producing subvertical sheets known as cascade facies.

It is a travertine of hectometric dimensions, located on the southern side of the valley of the Segura River, in a sector very close between the Puntal of the Vultures (1680 m) and the Calar del Pino (1567 m). The travertine, attached to the steep carbonate side of the Cretaceous, has a higher flat morphology, on which the picturesque village of La Toba is located.

In the vertical walls of the travertine there are several karmic resurrections with spectacular water jumps and great beauty carbonate morphologies. Stratigraphically, the uprisings are at the base of the upper Cretaceous dolomies, which constitute the aquifer, on the waterproof levels that belong to the lower Cretaceous.

Source: Inventory of Georresources of Andalusia. Environmental Council. Junta de Andalusia.

According to the description of several authors, 3? 4? 5? more than a watchtower would be a chastisement. Built in well-trimmed masonry, its plant is cylindrical with a semicircular wall that protects the entrance. It is located in height (about 2 meters above the ground level) and still retains remains of wood lintel from the door and its cap. There must have been a second floor, as inside the tower remains of beams from the wooden roof that separated both floors. It has two overlapping interior rooms and a terrace. The bottom of the tower is solid. The plants were covered with semi-spherical vaults, communicating with a 1.18 meters wide terraced staircase.

In general it is kept in good condition, although a great crack threatens to break it down

Location: To the south of the town, in the natural park of Cazorla, Segura and Las Villas.

Distance: 42 km

Medium: By vehicle, by bike and on foot.

Access route:: On the road A-319 towards La Iruela; at this point, after going 13 km, we will take the Chorro road, then turn away by the horseshoe road leading to Puerto Llano.

The hill of the Poyos de la Mesa is an inverted relief in which the dolomies of the Upper Cretaceous and the limestones of the discordant Miocene on them are affected by a sincerity perfectly visible from the north.

The fold is more tight in the older materials (Cretaceous dolomies), and is more open in the discordants (myocene limestones). Both litological sets flare at the top, very steep, of the relief. Between them there is a well-developed canchal, which marks approximately the axial plane of the fold.

Source: Inventory of Georresources of Andalusia. Environmental Council. Junta de Andalusia.