• The municipal term of La Carolina is full of archaeological vestiges from Prehistory. Places like La Calera, El Minado or El Ochavo, so they testify. We met with Rupéstre art fields like Dona Lady, the Puntal or the Guindo. And also former mining holdings, mainly Roman, like Fountain Spis, or El Guindo.

• The Church of the Immaculate Conception, built as a church of the convent of the barefoot Carmelites of the Peñuela, after the Colonization it is extended to serve as a parish to the nascent population. It has undergone several reforms over the years, and in 1899 the tower was built.

• Palacio del Intendente Olavide, which was the residence of Mr Pedro Olavide, executive of the Sierra Morena Repopulation project. It was built in 1775, in neoclassical style and is located in the center of the village, right next to the parish church.

• La Carolina Museum,The Centre for the Interpretation of the History of Mining in the New Populations of Jaén, integrated in the majestic building of the Palacio del Intendente Olavide, offers countless possibilities of knowledge, culture, history and research of the city, with the latest technologies, an unbeatable infrastructure and a human team that make it an inescapable cultural and tourist resource when visiting the city.

• The Customs Towers, neoclassical style and airy architecture flank the main entrance to the city coming from Madrid.

• Castillo de Navas de Tolosa: For more than two hundred years, it served as a defense and vigilance for the Muslim kingdom of what we know today as the passage of Despeñacolos, once Paso del Muradal. Today the silhouette of its tower stands out in a typical Sierra Morena dehesa in which you can also see braves.

Other monuments of interest are:

• Hermitage of San Juan de la Cruz.
• Monument to San Juan de la Cruz.
• Old jail.
• Monolitos de la Fundación.
• Monument to the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa.
• Mining heritage.

• Parish Church of Our Lady of Nativity. It was built on the second half of the 16th century, by the express desire of Emperor Charles V. The initial traces and first works were carried out by the prestigious Italian training architect, Francisco del Castillo "El Mozo." He stood on a place occupied by the ancient hermitage of Our Lady of the Star. Of a single shipwith rectangular floor and drawer structure, which is covered with false barrel vaults and wood. Presents on its sides, hornant chapels to host several altars. On its outside it exhibits a commendable dignity and uniqueness despite the constructive simplicity.The main cover it rises on a small staircase and is emphasized by the bell tower located in its first body. Its layout is the traditional: a half-point arch with fillets on the imposts and framed by Corinthian columns. He is removed by a triangular fronton with leaps held by mends. The most characteristic is the Mannerist of the second body of the tower, a kind of ornamental mask with garlands, inspired by the drawings of the Italian architect Serlio. The third body welcomes the bells and ends up in the form of a chapitel.

• Hermitage of San Francisco, located in the direction of the saw. This is a contemporary hermitage raised by 1920, a stylistically historic temple that draws attention to the contrast of the red brick of the cover with the white of the facade.

Main monuments:

• Church of the Immaculate Conception. It was the first parish built in the New Populations. Its simple-drawn facade is built of red sandstone. It has a small cover with a half-point arch and three small gaps at half-height and a colonial-style swordsman. The size of the Virgin of the Jienese sculptor Jacinto Higueras (father), as well as the main altar that was brought from Ubeda, must be highlighted.

• Labrador site. It is completed in 1789, with the colonial structure of these buildings intended to keep the grain, the seed, control and regulate the production. Made of thick walls covered with sandstone silery and resistant internal arches. It originally consisted of a single plant and was then built a second. It is currently dedicated to the Municipal Library.

• Palace of the Intendent. Built in 1807 by the Intendent of the New Populations of Sierra Morena, Pablo Olavide. The sun clock located on one of the corners, installed there to give the time to the steps that made their stop at the post house, stands out. It has now become a hotel.

• Plaza de Nicolás Kerche. In honor of the first born in this town. In the center of the square is a sculpture in homage to all the settlers arrived in 1767.

• Monument to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, located on a piled pillar and surrounded by a fence. He rose in 1937 to imitate the Christ of the Concorvado of Rio de Janeiro.

• Monument to the Mineros des sculptor Javier Ruiz Abel, in memory of the granadine and almerian miners who came to work in the mines of the district of Linares- La Carolina.

• The church of Our Lady of the Fuensana, was built in the 16th century, from Renaissance style and very sober. It consists of a single plant divided into ships that hold columns of smooth fuse and docile capitals and half-point arches. It has two bodies separated by molding, with two leftovers covered by half-point arches. The main facade is larger than the lateral. The most unique element of the church is his tower, located laterally in the corner between the two covers, integrated into the building, to which it overcomes and adds a third body for bell tower with holes covered by half-point arches.

• Source of the Black. A legend is the origin of the name of this source. Its popularity is above its architectural value. The current configuration was chosen by a vote of the neighbours.

• Laundry. Very close to the Fuente de la Negra we find the Lavadero, whose origin dates back to the 17th century, with architectural elements characteristic of the popular baroque. It is a rectangular ship covered with a central channel that constitutes the actual laundry. Its use has been maintained almost until today.
• Algarrobo Tower. It is a fortified atalaya, built in the 13th century and declared Good of Cultural Interest in 1985. In this same place there is an archaeological site of Iberian times.

• Torrevieja or Torre de Cazalla. It marks the municipal limit with the town of Martos. It was part of the defensive structures of the Order of Calatrava, to which Fernando III the Holy gave this region after having conquered it. It has been recognized and protected as a Good of Cultural Interest since 1985. Each description and point and separate are not organized hierarchical. Perhaps it was appropriate to organize it by blocks and not to mix buildings with descriptions of one of them with the same hierarchy of paragraphs and blocks. That is why I have grouped the paragraphs.

From its artistic heritage we highlight:

• The parish church of Saint Lucia. Built in the 16th century on the remains of an ancient hermitage, with the passage of time will be suffering expansion of the ship to accommodate the growing number of friars. In the last reform carried out at the end of the last century, a magnificent craftsman was incorporated in Granada.

• The House of the Dean of Mudarra. Built in the late 20th century of the last century, it has a sober three-storey façade, highlighting the beautiful grating of the first floor balconies.

• Casa de José Escribano. It is located a few meters from the Dean de Mudarra, and it is from the same time. The glare with a balustrade and pilastras with floral motifs stands out.

• Calvary hermitage. Located in the highest part of the city centre, it is reached by a winding road excavated on the hill side, between oaks and almonds.

• Hermitage of San Antonio. It is the largest hermitage in which the cult is most active. Its outer building is topped by a swordsman with a bell that sounds every time a devotee enters or leaves the hermitage. The image of St. Anthony with the Child Jesus on his hand is the hermitage.

• Hermitage of San Pedro. Located in the Era de Mecedero, it is the last building in the village, following the road to Valdepeñas de Jaén. It is a very small hermitage, as it is a room that a neighbor gave to the worship of the Holy. Press the inside the image of the hermitage holder.

Its artistic heritage is spread between the city centre and the surrounding area. Inside the city centre we have:

• The church of San Pedro, built around 1580. On the cover there are two dogrous columns that culminate in a hornaine with a Saint Peter Apostle.

• Hermitage of Our Father Jesus, of 1700 and that preserves the paintings and the original wood size of the Patron, Our Father Jesus Nazarene.

• Hermitage of San Antón, dates from 1800, and was demolished and rebuilt in 2001.

In the urban area:

• Tower of the Batan, of Roman origin to which an Arab body was added. It was used as a flour mill and later oil mill.

• La Villeta, remains of an Arab fortress from which its bottom and part of the wall are preserved.

• Low Head of Beautiful Encina, a fortified population centre, founded at a late moment of Iberian culture and that reached its development in the Roman stage.

• Torre del Marroquín, a medieval atalaya in good condition of 9 m high and that has been declared Good of Cultural Interest.

From the artistic heritage we highlight:

• The parish church of La Immaculate Conceptionwhich is its most significant building, built in the last third of the 18th century, has an architectural packaging within the purest neoclassical. Its back-moving cover is of magnificent silvery and features pilasters on the corners. The central body is half-point arch, crowned by a fronton and two large niches. On the second floor there are four large bones.

• The Posite, located in front of the church is a work of dyed masonry, also from the last third of the 18th century. It stored the farmers' grains as a reserve for famine times.

In literature, Benito Pérez Galdós gives the name Bailén to the fourth delivery of the National Episodes.

Within the city we must highlight the church of La Encarnación with more than 500 years old. And there are several hermites that are scattered by the municipal term: that of Soledad, which has a shrimp in plaster of Andalusian baroque; that of Jesus Nazarene, of Saint John the Evangelist and of Holy Christ.

The most recent construction is the Parish of San José Obrero, which was raised in the 1960s, and with a low relief on its façade by the sculptor José Antonio Rivas Fernández. Inside, a fresco painting by the famous painter Francisco Baños, representing the desposorios of the Virgin with San José.

On the walk known as "de las palmeras" we find the memorial of the Battle of Bailén, also by the artist José Antonio Rivas Fernández.

And the visit to the Museum of the Battle of Bailén: a striking building that recreates in plant the weapon leading to the battle: the cannon. Two parallel vaults in the adjacent gardens simulate the ammunition used by this artillery weapon. In its interior, six interconnected rooms show in an amena and didactic way the beginnings, causes and consequences of the War of Independence (1808-1814).

• Parish Church of the Incarnation.We are facing the most emblematic building of local architecture, made of red asperon stone cut into armchairs and started its construction in the 15th century following the canons of the style known as the Catholic Kings or Isabelino, corresponding to the trends marked in other Gothic churches of the province such as that of San Ildefonso de Jaén, Santiago de Andújar or La Concepción de Lopera. Romanesque, Gothic, rebirth and baroque converge in this church declared an Artistic Historical Monument on May 2, 1983. The Mausoleum with the mortal remains of General Don Francisco Castaños and Aragorri, Duke of Bailén and Marqués de Portugalete remain in this church since 1963, when he moved to Bailén from the Pantheon of Ilustrious Men in Madrid.

• House of Culture.This 19th century house is located in whatever the Jaén Road is; one of the main entrance doors to the city. It was used as a family house since the first third of the 20th century by its owner Don Juan Gracia Alonso, mayor of Bailén at that time, who in 1971 decided to keep inside this house the facade of whatever was the Ducal Palace of the Ponce de León, as the fortress was dismounted stone to stone until it was located on the Street of Our Father Jesus.

• Hermitage of the Holy Christ. On this occasion we find ourselves in the face of an 18th century building, which at another time did the role of school and which would later be donated by the families of Bailén, Corchado and Barreda to the co-fradry of the Santa Vera Cruz. Through a half-point arch, the cover gives us access to the temple to contemplate the most prominent element of it, the cover of a half-canyon centralized on the cruise and presbyter, with plant motifs such as decoration in which voluminous acanto leaves surround the shields, two of them supported by a few naive children.

• Hermitage of Our Father Jesus.The street that in the past would unite whatever the Royal High and the Bajo road is known by all with its ancient name as the Cuesta of Jesus, giving greater identity to this 18th century hermitage, which initially responded to the name of the hermitage of the Holy Christ of Nazareth. As we enter the rectangle that delimits its interior, we see two different areas in a presbyter with a half-barrel vault and a quadrangular space with a half-orange dome over four half-point arches. The pechines decorated with baroque plaster next to the oval shields with the symbols of the Passion of Christ adorn the oratory.

• La Soledad hermitage.The Gothic is reflected in the rectangular ship, segregated in four spaces by three pointed arches, all settled since the end of the XIV. Four centuries later we located the baroque-style camarina tower, where a pointed window serves as a link to the ship, from which in turn you can see that element. The altar presents to its left the access to the sacristy and to its right that of the shrimp, both of stone and intelated, discovering vegetable decorations in the vault.

• The Hermitage of Clean and Pure.That day of 1808, he would see the Spanish troops parading at his side until they reached the place from which they would defend themselves from the French offensives. A Galo general, known as Dupré, would be killed during the fight when he attacked the Spanish army with his coraceros, so he would be buried in this oratory because of his proximity to the battlefield. It was a small, poor, rustic and encalada hermitage that had been built at the end of the 15th century and whose name would refer to the image of the Immaculate Conception that it guarded within it.

• Sanctuary of the Virgin of Zocueca.Its building is in the year 1150, when a poor and thick hermitage for the Cross is raised by the MozArab Christians, where a small image of Mary was venerated for having protected its elders and later to them, by winning King Alfonso VII the fields of Bailen. From the end of the 19th century, and annually every last Sunday of September, the people of Bailén celebrate in this place the Romeria in honor of Our Lady the Virgin of Zocueca, patron of Bailen who would intercede in favor of this people in the contest of July 19, 1808.

The city of Andújar continues to maintain a heritage set of great interest, for the quality of its monuments and for the diversity of artistic styles that can be appreciated.

We highlight some of them:

• Church of Santa Maria la Mayor. The construction of the church Santa María la Mayor, of a basic plant, began in the 15th century and ended in the first quarter of the 17th century. Its pillars and vaults of the first stretch are Gothic and the rest of the sets of the second half of the 16th century. The plant is articulated in 3 ships of 4 sections each. Among his works of great value is the 16th century paving and two pictorial works, the Prayer in the Garden of the Greco Olives and the Immaculate of Giuseppe Cessari. It has 3 covers: Northern front, in the square of Santa Maria. Designed in the early 16th century, in purist style. South front, dedicated to San Pedro. It is from the second half of the 16th century, in the strictest purism. Foot cover. It belongs to the Herriian style, is characterized by its absence of ornate and the sobriety of its elements.
• The chapel of the Christ of Agonyis connected to the church of Santa Maria. It is a Neogotic style, built between 1923 and 1925, by Rafael and Mª Elvira Pérez de Vargas (condes de la Quinteria). It is a private chapel conceived as a crypt of the counts. It has a single ship, organized in two sections, with nerve vaults, the header is decorated with five windows pointed with glass windows.
• Church of San Miguel. It dates from the second half of the 15th century and is a Gothic temple, with a basic plant of three ships. The plant, wider than the sides, ends in polygonal header, while the sides are flat. The interior lacks its own luminosity by not having windows, one of the most characteristic elements. Of its covers, the one of the feet is of a plateresque style; the northern cover is in the transit between the Gothic and the Renaissance; the southern cover has a double conopial bow flanked by pinacles. The 16th century tower has undergone numerous reforms as it is damaged by the Lisbon earthquake.
• Church of San Bartolomé.It is the first parish built to extramurus and later founded. In the initial project it is conceived as a three-ship gothic, articulated in five sections. From the different remodeling, there are signs: at the door of the sacristy the late Gothic (16th century) is observed, the primitive cross vaults are replaced by others of mannerist sensitivity. The tower, which is inconclusive, is from the 17th century and recalls that of San Miguel, is attributed to Francisco del Castillo, the Young. Of the three doors, the one that gives the runner of San Bartolomé is the most interesting. Its vanity integrates a bent bow pointed by another conopial with cardinals and flanked by pinacles.
• Church of Santa Marina.Mosque in Muslim times and Christian temple since the village was taken by Fernando III, the Holy (1225). It is a temple of three ships articulated in four sections. Its main chapel was remodeled in the 17th century, with a square section covered with a half-orange vault on the breast, in which the arms shields of Pedro and Luis Pérez de Vargas Palomino, their patrons, are located. Its two covers are of great simplicity, being that of the feet, of baroque style, which presents a greater monumental. He ceased to be a parish in 1843 although he remained open to worship until the 1970s. It is currently used as a cultural space.
• The Clock Tower.Mudéjar influence tower made in the time of Emperor Charles I (concluded on 20 August 1534). It was part of the royal prison and was conceived as a lookout to observe the village and the surrounding areas of the city. Head the square of Santa María, the heart of the medieval city. Its building is sober, based on alternating brick with stone armchairs. The almenas that kill the whole give it a strong tower air. Two elements stand out in this unique building: the Emperor's bicephalic shield and the beautiful silver-style watch that gives name to the tower. The towers of the church of Santa Maria, both the primitive and the modern, do not exceed the Clock tower in height, as a sign of the primacy of municipal civil power over religious power.
• House of the Children of Don Gome.This single house of the Cárdenas and Valdivia is popularly known as "the Children of Don Gome," reference to the ten children who had the marriage and was built in the late 16th century. The Renaissance palace is built behind the Almohad wall and in the vicinity of the Sun gate. Torreada fachada built in late XVI and early XVII. Two elements of very different use make up the house of the Children of Don Gome, the house of the inhabitants and the cavalry. On the façade of the solariega house, built in a plane more advanced than that of the cavalry, stands out its portada- tower, built unlike the other elements of the whole in sandstone, in the second third of the 17th century, by Don Gome de Valdivia, Cárdenas and Guzmán and Dona Mayor Nicuesa, and that is in the Baroque style. The pillow cover is almost unnoticed by the exuberant decoration, two Indian-accent, repetitive heraldic, and a highlighted cornice, as more prominent elements. The Children's Palace of Don Gome is the venue of the courses of the University of Autumn. Inside is the Archaeological Museum Professor Sotomayor. The stables are preserved with part of the fish, a porticated courtyard and the winery. In the latter is the Casa del Alfarero, which includes the extensive and rich tradition of ceramics that has characterized this land.
• Comedian house - town hall.The current town hall is located in the building that was built between 1620- 1631 for comedia house, which it maintained until 1680. In 1787, the Cabildo decided to move to it, as it had lost its old function. The fruit of this remodeling is its central body of neoclassical style and the beautiful staircase of "empire style." Three floors make up their beautiful façade: In the first one a portico and in the second one, a gallery as a lookout for the taurine celebrations of the time. The building is topped with an airy balustrada, articulated in pillars topped with pinacles. This facade has an Italian orientation and can be located within the most classical mannerism.
• Roman bridge.Its construction dates back to the end of the second century and saves the Guadalquivir River. Built with sandstone armchairs of a seine or brown colour, it has fourteen eyes, of which the twelve on the right bank are of half-point arch and the other two scarves. Like the Merida bridge, it offers lightens or drains on pillars to facilitate the passage of water in the large rivals.
• Basilica and Royal Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Head. Located in the heart of the Natural Park of the Sierra de Andújar, in the area known as the hill of the Cabezo, 32 km. north of the city of Andújar. The sanctuary is built between 1287 and 1304 and was reformed in the late 16th century. Since 1930 the trinitarians have served the cult in the sanctuary. The façade is made up of the door's vain, arco-sino balcony and two-body swordsman. The interior is a single ship covered with a barrel vault. The trinitarians community makes the enlargements of the two side buildings, leaving a harmonic set. In the very dependencies of the basilica is the Mariano Museum, where an important artistic, documentary and anthropological exhibition of the historical legacy has been developed through the centuries by devotion to the Virgin of the Head.
• González Orea Museum of Plastic Arts.Located in the old convent of the Capuchino Mothers.

The urban centre of medieval origin has an important architectural heritage since the villa has had a great expansion between the 16th and 18th centuries, building a large number of civil and religious buildings of many different styles, which embellish and embellish the streets of its historic town.

• Church of Santa Maria la Mayor. The temple of Santa María de Alcaudete is a faithful exponent of the plurality of aesthetic offers that characterize the Spanish art of the 16th century, which explains the coexistence in its plant of two spaces or defiant structures: a Gothic body of three ships and a major Renaissance chapel. In the preserved factory book, the intervention of Vandelvira around 1558 is mentioned, when a rostrum is commissioned by Bishop Diego Tavera. It is declared BIC (Good of Cultural Interest), published in the Gazette of June 4, 1931.
  
• Church of the Incarnation or of Carmen.At present, the early convent of the Incarnation only remains the church known as the Church of Carmen. In its interior it houses images of great artistic importance, such as Our Father Jesus Nazarene, the Holy Inlay, a lying, articulated Christ possibly attributed to Joseph of Mora or St. Elijah, attributed to the famous sculptor Peter of Mena and currently the most important work of imagination of Alcaudete.
  
• Church of St. Peter.The Parish Church of San Pedro was created on an ancient hermitage, in the new arrabals, as a result of the spectacular increase of the population that Alcaudete experienced from the 16th century. The author is the architect Francisco del Castillo, although he was finished by his collaborator Juan de la Monja in the second half of the 16th century. A simple exterior gives way to an interior of great beauty and harmony, which also reflects an atmosphere of austerity, accentuated by the outer counterstrengths of the walls of the silery.
  
• Convent and Church of Santa Clara.The convent of Santa Clara belongs to the order of the clarisas, within the order of San Francisco. The convent is made up of a set of buildings that rise in the neighborhood of its own name, highlighting among all that of its church. In the province of Jaén is the only example of full cover in stone that exists, appearing overlaid on two floors The building is rectangular, drawer type. It can be placed on the border between the 16th and 17th centuries.
  
• Cemetery and Chapel of Santa Catalina: Although the oldest reference is that of its chapel, dated 1511, as regards the municipal Cemetery, in 1807 it was built to extramuras of the villa, next to the hermitage of Santa Catalina, is considered one of the oldest in Spain, and surely in the province of Jaén. The Cemetery of Alcaudete, on the occasion of the third prize in the category "Best Cemetery of Spain as a whole" of the 3rd Cemetery Contest 2016 of the Cultural magazine Adios, is included in the Spanish Cemetery Route.
  
• Castle-Palacio de Alcaudete. El Castillo- Palacio, declared a historic monument in 1985, defended the population and controlled the communication route that links Córdoba with Granada. It is one of the highest examples of the power that, in the Middle Ages, reached the Order of Calatrava, to which King Fernando III the Holy entrusted the protection of the western border of the kingdom of Jaen in front of the Nazari kingdom of Granada. The castle has a centre of interpretation dedicated to its historical evolution and, in particular, to the stage occupied by the nuns-warriors.
  
  The enclosure has three aljibes, on one of them, the one located next to the main door, is located the guard body, in charge of controlling access to the castle and connected directly with the adarve of the walls. In the southern area of the walled perimeter are the cavalry and above them, the capitular room. But, among all these buildings, in the center of the fortress and at the highest point of the hill, the spectacular Tower of Tribute, a symbol of the power of the Order, is prominent for its dimensions (22 meters high and walls up to three meters thick) and is practically inexorable for the difficulty of its access. In it, in addition to the aljibe and the warehouse to store the food, on the last floor, the residence of the planner was located.