The total power of the section is over 150 m. On a few sucrose dolomies attributed to the lower and medium Jurassic we find materials from the upper Kimmeridgian; they are limeals with large gastropods and corals that end up on an erosive surface with a crusts of iron oxides.

The following are limestones, locally sandy and margas, with various levels of interspersed calcrets; these materials are being decrified and dolomitised, giving way to stoned dolomies with abundant carbonous remains; this whole set of materials is of the age Hauteriviense- Barremiense. The lower Aptiense is characterized by the presence of sands, calcareous sandstone and sandy limestone with laminations and cross stratifications as well as orbitolins at various levels. The materials of the upper Aptiense have abundant rudists and orbitolins. The Albibe is represented by dolomies with black songs and ghosts of rudists.

Source: Inventory of Georresources of Andalusia. Environmental Council. Junta de Andalusia.

From the view of Segura de la Sierra you have a magnificent panoramic view of the relief of El Yelmo (its northern slope), one of the most emblematic of the Sierra de Segura. This relief has a synchronal structure, with a rich succession of marine and continental sedimentary rocks of Jurassic-Cretaceous age.

In addition to vertical succession, there are important side changes in the stratigraphic architecture, observable in the panorama, which consist of remarkable changes of powers, culminating in the coining of formations. These exceptional characteristics are due to the paleogeographical position on the margin of a marine basin (sudiberic paleomargen) during the Mesozoic. The observations on the northern side of the Yelmo are complemented, from the same viewpoint, by that of the "Segura de la Sierra Court," which shows a section covering the Jurassic and Cretaceous, and which is accessible by the asphalt forest track that leads inside the Segura Sierra from the Segura de la Sierra population.

Source: Inventory of Georresources of Andalusia. Environmental Council. Junta de Andalusia.

The stratigraphic section of the South Yelm is a magnificent example of the materials of the Aptiene-Ambient of the Prebetic. The Aptiense is essentially represented by limestone, of facies that vary between lacustre / palustres (carbonous) and of somere platform, both protected (lagoon), and open (coral reef).

The Albibe is made up of an alternation of carbonates (limestones and dolomies) and terrogenes (margas, clays and sands), from coastal to shallow marine environments. The faces represented are very rich and varied, at certain levels with a very well developed cyclicity. The content in fossils is extraordinarily rich, both in marine fauna and corals, lamelibranchios (rudists and ostreides), foraminiferous (e.g. orbitolinides), as well as fresh water (caraceous algae).

Source: Inventory of Georresources of Andalusia. Environmental Council. Junta de Andalusia.

These lines correspond to the Treaty of the Mountain, studied by the Duke of Almazan, a document that some researchers attribute to Jorge Manrique. To talk about the 15th century in the Sierra de Segura is to talk about the Manrique family and the border period. A situation in which attacks and responses by Christians and Muslims were frequent. This danger and the border situation can only be seen by entering Segura de la Sierra: remains of walls, towers, entrance doors and on top of the hill, the watchful castle.

The Visits Books of the Order of Santiago described in the late 15th century the castle of Segura de la Sierra as a military compound with weapons to face a siege or, if necessary, to organize a village to attack the enemy. We cannot forget that in 1434 Rodrigo Manrique organized a village to conquer Huécar in the Altiplano granadino.

In Segura de la Sierra, taking advantage of this privileged position and under the security offered by its walls is where Jorge Manrique was raised under the care of his mother, Mrs. Mencía de Figueroa, in the house that still today is preserved five hundred years later.

The predominant geology is the secondary limestone that causes soils of generally poor characteristics and occupied by populations of Pinus halepensis (Pino carrasco), performed during the 1950s.

This is a natural space that traditionally provides a public service for leisure activities, especially to the municipality of Jaén.

One of the most important plant formations of the park is the Sabinar of Sabina mora or simply of Sabina (Juniperus phoenicea). It is very important for its extension, for the habitat it occupies - rocks and dolomitic sandals - and for the large number of endemic species that it houses, including the most emblematic, the Cazorla violet (Viola cazorlensis) and the endemism of the Serra de Segura Jasione crispa seguridad. This training is therefore declared a Habitat of Community Interest in Natura 2000 Network.

It is presented to us in the form of clear sketches, where the black savina is the dominant plant element. We can find it in many areas of the Park, colonizing those places where other trees have not been able to develop, rocky, dry, wind-beat and with strong solar irradiation. You can say that sabina is the essence of hardness. We can also find it in isolation in almost all the forest formations of the Park, missing only in the high summits, so in many places we can see small sabinars more or less dense or scattered.

Inside Las Villas, on any side we will find sabinares. We've chosen the Wolf's boat. Once on the Sloth Hill, we will walk on the side of your left, according to the direction of the march. It is populated by savannas, juniperus oxicedrus, salgary and black pines (Pinus nigra salzmannii and Pinus pinaster), in a sparse and scattered manner, complaints and oinas (Quercus faginea and Quercus ilex ballota), thorns of dyes (Rhamnus saxatilis) and piorns (Erinacea anthyllis and Echinospartum boissierii). We are on this hill at the foot of the Blanquillo, the highest summit of the Las Villas saw.

Of the same characteristics as the one described - sabinar en rota - but with more cornicabra, are the sabinars of the Zumeta River, which extend throughout the left side in the sense of the waters. The sabinar is also seen from the other side, on the side of Albacete. We will see it from further, but in return we are compensated with the panoramic view of the Old Age reservoir.

LOCATION OF THE LOBO

We take the road that goes from the reservoir of Aguascebas to the Recreative Area of Gil Cobo. A little before we reach this area, we take a crossing that comes to our right, preferably on foot. We followed the track to a detour and took the one from the left, in gentle ascent, until we reached the Collado del Perenoso. To our left is the great lapiaz of the Lobo Boat.

ZUMETA LOCATION

In the village of Vites you have to head towards the Cortijo del Torcal.

The forest track, 9 km long, is very pleasant to travel and has no loss, as it is only to follow right, and is also marked as GR-7. It always runs by the river, with very little level, except in a section where it is separated by forming several elevation curves.

It is not necessary to travel throughout to enjoy these places, but if you arrive at the end you will find a lookout with unforgettable views of the Reco del Aguamulas. It is the rocky amphitheatre where this river is born, on whose base there are abandoned meadows and gardens.

You will also see the cords - already ruin - of La Fresneilla. In them lived the last inhabitant of these valleys, called Máximo Fernández Cruz, nicknamed "the Cojo de la Fresnedilla." This serrano character fought for thirty years not to leave the land he was born, from which were expelled the close to a hundred neighbors of the Aguamulas environment who suffered expropriation when the National Cote of Hunting was created in 1960. In 1982, Maximo paid for his resistance with the prison.

We suggest...

• Be attentive to see some example of the dark green Valverde lizard, endemic to the Park and discovered in 1958 very close to here.

• Continue beyond the lookout and take a walk in the La Fresnedilla area. If the water abounds, you will see the waterfalls of the birth of the Aguamulas.

In the campsite Llanos de Arance (road A-319) you have to take the forest track that crosses the Guadalquivir. At 3 km, after wading the Aguamulas, the crossing is taken to the right and followed 1 km to the barrier in the forest house of Los Bonal, where you can leave the car.

The Barrio del Guadalentín is one of the best complaints forests in the park. Among the complaints, on the other side of the ravine, the Poyos de la Carilong rise majestic. The whole set, whimsical, river and rocky fleshly make this walk a true enjoyment of our nature.

In other times, one of the most widespread forest formations in the mountains was the deniigal, embedded in deep soils, with abundant organic matter and quality. In this forest the dominant tree is the whine (Quercus faginea). In the colonization of the saw the human being occupied these rich and fertile soils for use, cutting the forest and taking advantage of its offal as fuel and material for construction. Later on it was the naval industry that was supplied with the wood of the Robledals or Robledals. In our days, the robledal, as it is named in the saw, survives in areas that are short-lived, in bright slopes and in the bottom of valleys like rodents or bosquets.

The complaints (Quercus faginea) are accompanied by some salgarean pine (Pinus nigra salzmannii) and some oaks (Quercus ilex ballota). In the forest, we find trees such as cereals (Prunus mahaleb) and pespejones (Sorbus torinlis), and shrubs such as majuelos (Crataegus monogina), skirmishes (Rosa spp.), laureolas (Daphne laureola), thorns (Berberis vulgaris australis). And by covering the ground, we find a herbaceous entourage among which we highlight grasses such as Brachypodium sylvaticum, Brachypodium phoenocoids, Festuca arundinacea, Dactylis glomerata, and Piptaterum meliaceum. Other species that we find in the complaint are the gold button (Geum sylvaticum), violets (Viola odorata), primaveras (Primula vulgaris), consueldas (Prunella grandiflora, P. laciniata, P. vulgaris), filippines (Filipendula vulgaris), eléboros (Helleborus foetidus), narcissos (Narcissus triandrus pallidulus) and wild jacintos (Scilla paui).

LOCATION

To access, we follow the road from Vadillo Castril to the San Pedro Navy. At the height of Los Collados it becomes a ground track, but with good firm. As we overcome the San Pedro Navy, we will be waiting for the second detour to our right. It is a closed track to the traffic of vehicles that is located a few meters from the old forest house of Fuente Steel, which is currently abandoned, but is kept standing and seen from the track. As we pass through it, about 200 meters away we find the detour, where we park and walk along the track. We will soon begin to enter a splendid forest of complaints.