The hazelnut is presented in several places in the Park, usually in the area of Segura and in it we will see it. In the high valley of Segura, between Pontones and the Utrera Strike, one of the most extensive hazelnuts of the Park is spread, presenting a good state of conservation, as it has preserved it from the transformation of the area by the human being.

In the recommended area the hazelnut (Corylus avellana) is abundant, forming an extensive plant community, in which we find lanthanes (Viburnum lantana), worlds (Viburnum opulus), vidars (Clematis vitalba), liver, (Hepatia nobilis), parnasias (Parnassia palustres), wild strawberries (Fragaria vesca), orchids (Listera ovata, Dactyliorhiza elata), cardos (Cirsium pyrenaucas and several sagulis (S.), and Sallicola (S.). We also found repopulation choperas with the Populus x canadensis hybrid. This whole set forms a thick and wide forest in gallery, where hazelnut is the protagonist.

For our visit to the hazelnut we choose the head of the Segura River. We will go to Pontones and from there we will take the track that passes to the side of the Segura River, downstream, in the direction of the Masegoso cortijo. We can make it walk or by vehicle, but we will enjoy more of the walk, as it does not reach 5 km to the end.

These semi-arid areas are the result of the gradual degradation of the ancient Mediterranean forest, which with an aridization of the climate has sculpted landscapes whose beauty is only overcome by their hostility and dryness, causing the plants to pass hard tests in order to live in these environments.

This vegetation is called xerophyll, because it lives in dry environments, with precipitation below 300 mm. annual. Among them are species such as albaida (Anthyllis cytisoides), sosas or salsoles (Salsola oppositifolia), salates (Suaeda spp., Hammada articulata), herb of the conjunctures (Ephedra fragilis), garbancers (Ononis fruticosa) and rabbit garbancillo (Ononis tridata). At times there are sabinas (Juniperus phoenicea), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), male rosemary (Cistus clusii), rethemes (Retama sphaerocarpa), tomilos (Thymus zigis), some carrasco pine (Pinus halepensis) and some other lenticus (Pistacia lenticus), reminding us that this vegetation is the result of the destruction of an ancient Mediterranean forest.

But one of the most significant species of these areas is the caparra (Capparis spinosa), a culinary plant that its preparation in vinegar has been known from very old, and is now an essential element in the best European kitchens.

We suggest:

• The best times for this visit are in autumn and early spring.

On this trip we will not spare the car. We will head to Huesa and from there we will take the road of Pozo Alcón and follow it to the crossing that leads us to the village of Ceal. From this village comes a narrow and tortuous road that goes to Hinojares, which passes through a semi-arid area, populated by scavenges (Stypa tenacissima), which in the area has the name of an atocha, so a nochar is a spartal.

These more or less realistic but generally schematic manifestations reproduce human beings, animals and symbols, forming isolated scenes. It is a time of great changes in the way of life in which human beings move from being a predator to domesticating vegetables and animals to getting plenty of food and storing it to avoid moving continuously. The representations not only evoke and report part of daily life, but leave us witness to its complex and mysterious spirituality.

World Heritage Site

The Sierras de Segura and Cazorla are home to an interesting set of uplifting rock art; a lot of coats and caves where these first inhabitants left their art. In 1998 it became part of the UNESCO catalogue as World Heritage Site.

Outdoor museums

These sites can be considered as authentic outdoor museums of incalculable value, whose preservation concerns each and every fellow citizen. When visiting them, we must remember that we contemplate figures made by the primitive man, not least human and intelligent, more than 4,000 years ago. It's all by law, Cultural Interest Property.

Visit the paintings

Visiting these places can be difficult and frustrating, not only because of their access; it can be dangerous, but because sometimes their conservation status is the least poor; and it is recommended that they be visited with a specialist. For this purpose, before scheduling the visit, it is advisable to consult with someone familiar with the place (to advise and guide) or even to be accompanied by a responsible local guide (it is advisable to contact local authorities or associations).

In Santiagos- Pontones stands out the existence of the Abrigo de Río Frio, the Caves of Engarbo I and II and the Abrigo de Cañada de la Cruz. Just like the Cave of Birth, the only one that has been excavated.

These more or less realistic but generally schematic manifestations reproduce human beings, animals and symbols, forming isolated scenes. The representations not only evoke and report part of daily life, but leave us witness to its complex v mysterious spirituality.

World Heritage Site

The natural park of Despeñacolos has different groups of rock paintings, of a schematic and eulin style, which gives this park an interesting cultural value, for the many coats and caves where these first inhabitants left their art. In 1998 it became part of the UNESCO catalogue as World Heritage Site.

Outdoor museums

These sites can be considered as authentic outdoor museums of incalculable value, whose preservation concerns each and every fellow citizen. When visiting them, we must remember that we contemplate figures made by the primitive man, not least human and intelligent, more than 4,000 years ago. It's all by law, Cultural Interest Property.

Visit the paintings

Visiting these places can be difficult and frustrating, not only because of their access; it can be dangerous, but because sometimes their conservation status can be at least poor; and it is recommended that they be visited with a specialist. For this purpose, before scheduling the visit, it is advisable to consult with someone familiar with the place (to advise and guide) or even to be accompanied by a responsible local guide (it is advisable to contact local authorities or associations).

The Abrigo e la Cave de los Muñecos, the Abrigo de Vacas del Retamoso and the Abrigo de Los Organos are highlighted.

These more or less realistic but generally schematic manifestations reproduce human beings, animals and symbols, forming isolated scenes. The representations not only evoke and report part of daily life, but leave us witness to its complex and mysterious spirituality.

World Heritage Site

The Sierra de Quesada houses one of the most prominent rock art sets in Alto Guadalquivir for the many coats and caves where these first inhabitants left their art. In 1998 it became part of the UNESCO catalogue as World Heritage Site.

Outdoor museums

These sites can be considered as authentic outdoor museums of incalculable value, whose preservation concerns each and every fellow citizen. When visiting them, we must remember that we contemplate figures made by the primitive man, not least human and intelligent, more than 4,000 years ago. It's all by law, Cultural Interest Property.

Visit the paintings

Visiting these places can be difficult and frustrating, not only because of their access; it can be dangerous, but because sometimes their conservation status is the least poor; and it is recommended that they be visited with a specialist. For this purpose, before scheduling the visit, it is advisable to consult with someone familiar with the place (to advise and guide) or even to be accompanied by a responsible local guide (it is advisable to contact local authorities or associations).

The Abrigo de Manolo Vallejo, the Abrigo de el Encasiero, the Abrigo del Cerro Vitar and the caves of the ivy and Cabrera stand out. In addition to the rock paintings, there were ceramics and lytics that have made it possible to give the first human occupation of these lands in the third millennium. C.

These more or less realistic but generally schematic manifestations reproduce human beings, animals and symbols, forming isolated scenes. The representations not only evoke and report part of daily life, but leave us witness to its complex and mysterious spirituality.

World Heritage Site

In Sierra Morena you can find different sets of rock art going for the many coats and caves where these first inhabitants left their art. In 1998 it became part of the UNESCO catalogue as World Heritage Site.

Outdoor museums

These sites can be considered as authentic outdoor museums of incalculable value, whose preservation concerns each and every fellow citizen. When visiting them, we must remember that we contemplate figures made by the primitive man, not least human and intelligent, more than 4,000 years ago. It's all by law, Cultural Interest Property.

Visit the paintings

Visiting these places can be difficult and frustrating, not only because of their access; it can be dangerous, but because sometimes their conservation status is the least poor; and it is recommended that they be visited with a specialist. For this purpose, before scheduling the visit, it is advisable to consult with someone familiar with the place (to advise and guide) or even to be accompanied by a responsible local guide (it is advisable to contact local authorities or associations).

The Abrygos of Dona Dama, El Puntal or the Guindo stand out.

These more or less realistic but generally schematic manifestations reproduce human beings, animals and symbols, forming isolated scenes. The representations not only evoke and report part of daily life, but leave us witness to its complex and mysterious spirituality.

World Heritage Site

Sierra Magina houses an interesting set of rock art, especially those related to the Municipality of Jimena, being a very interesting example of schematic rock paintings. In 1998 it became part of the UNESCO catalogue as World Heritage Site.

Outdoor museums

These sites can be considered as authentic outdoor museums of incalculable value, whose preservation concerns each and every fellow citizen. When visiting them, we must remember that we contemplate figures made by the primitive man, not least human and intelligent, more than 4,000 years ago. It's all by law, Cultural Interest Property.

Visit the paintings

Visiting these places can be difficult and frustrating, not only because of their access; it can be dangerous, but because sometimes their conservation status is the least poor; and it is recommended that they be visited with a specialist. For this purpose, before scheduling the visit, it is advisable to consult with someone familiar with the place (to advise and guide) or even to be accompanied by a responsible local guide (it is advisable to contact local authorities or associations).

The Abrigo de la Graja stands out.

These more or less realistic but generally schematic manifestations reproduce human beings, animals and symbols, forming isolated scenes. The representations not only evoke and report part of daily life, but leave us witness to its complex and mysterious spirituality.

Outdoor museums

These sites can be considered authentic open-air museums of incalculable value, the preservation of which concerns each and every fellow citizen. When visiting them, we must remember with all due respect that we contemplate figures made by the primitive man, but not least human and intelligent, more than 4,000 years ago. All are by law, Cultural Interest Property, the maximum figure of protection that our legislation grants to a property.

Visit the paintings

Visiting these places can be difficult and frustrating, not only because of their access; it can be dangerous, but because sometimes their conservation status is the least poor; and it is recommended that they be visited with a specialist. For this purpose, before scheduling the visit, it is advisable to consult with someone familiar with the place (to advise and guide) or even to be accompanied by a responsible local guide (it is advisable to contact local authorities or associations).

The most representative coats in the area of Baños de la Encina would be the coats of the Nava el Sach and the Barrio del Bu.

These more or less realistic but generally schematic manifestations reproduce human beings, animals and symbols, forming isolated scenes. The representations not only evoke and report part of daily life, but leave us witness to its complex v mysterious spirituality.

World Heritage Site

The saw surrounding the municipality of Jaén houses interesting sets of rock art, a large number of coats and caves where the first inhabitants of the municipality left their art. In 1998 it became part of the UNESCO catalogue as World Heritage Site.

Outdoor museums

These sites can be considered as authentic outdoor museums of incalculable value, whose preservation concerns each and every fellow citizen. When visiting them, we must remember that we contemplate figures made by the primitive man, not least human and intelligent, more than 4,000 years ago. It's all by law, Cultural Interest Property.

Visit the paintings

Visiting these places can be difficult and frustrating, not only because of their access; it can be dangerous, but because sometimes their conservation status is the least poor; and it is recommended that they be visited with a specialist. For this purpose, before scheduling the visit, it is advisable to consult with someone familiar with the place (to advise and guide) or even to be accompanied by a responsible local guide (it is advisable to contact local authorities or associations).

The municipality of Jaén has an interesting collection of rock art, not only in the vicinity of the municipality, such as the Abrigo de Fuente de la Peña Sur or the Abrigo del Cerro de la Mella; but also in other locations such as Otiñar, Río Frio, el Quiebrajano and Canjorro-Peñas de Castro.

World Heritage Site

In Aldeaquemada, as a sample of its valuable cultural heritage, there are different groups of rock paintings, of a schematic and eulin style; distributed by fleshlands and rocky coats of the municipal term. So much so that UNESCO, meeting in Kyoto (Japan) in 1998, agreed to catalogue the Levine Rupestre Art of the Spanish Mediterranean Arc as a World Heritage Site. Meeting in assembly, he gave this important name and included in the list the 19 deposits of Rupéstre Levino and Eschematic Art discovered in this municipality, cataloguing that has come to recognize and highlight the great importance of the cultural manifestations of the former inhabitants of these lands.

Outdoor museums

These deposits, unique for their subject matter, are the most important in Andalusia and can be considered as authentic outdoor museums, of incalculable value and whose preservation concerns each and every one of us. When visiting them, we must remember with all due respect that we contemplate figures made by the primitive man; but not for that less human and intelligent, more than 4,000 years ago. They are all by law Cultural Interest Goods.
These groups of rock paintings, located on most occasions on rock coats, were studied at the beginning of the 20th century by the Abate Brehuil and M. Cabré, who catalogued the vast majority of existing groups in the area.
Subsequently, thanks to the new and relevant discoveries of the chronist Carlos Sanchez- Battle, it has been possible to have an extended relationship and a full awareness of the great heritage value that, for Aldeaquemada, represents the whole of its cave paintings.

Visit the paintings

Visiting these places is difficult and can be frustrating, not only because of their access; dangerous sometimes, but because of their poor conservation status; they make them difficult to see if they are not specialized. For this reason, before scheduling a visit, you should consult with a local connoisseur and let yourself be accompanied by a responsible local guide.
The most representative coats, on which signposted routes have been developed; not yet operational until the final protection of the paintings, but which has been announced (the Ayto. provide guides) can be visited, are those of the Poyos de La Cimbarra, Cimbarillo del Prado de Rechesa, Cave de la Mina, Garganta de la Hoz, Prado del Azogue and Cave de Los Arcos. Although there are another series of awakened groups.